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What Are Best Ways To Improve Your Quality Management With Internal Audits

If a company wants to be successful, quality management has to be a required…

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If a company wants to be successful, quality management has to be a required feature. It ensures that their products and services will beat and even surpass customers’ expectations.

High quality remains the key for business success in the rapidly changing industry and meeting the ever advancing customers’ tastes. Internal audits are indispensable because they serve as a systematic tool to audit and enhance quality management systems. The article provides a practical guide on how to conduct quality audits and the role of internal audits in improving quality management.

Internal audits: a comprehensive guide

The internal audit is designed to assess the policies, procedures and systems of a company from a point of view which is systematic and objective. People from inside of the company such as quality assurance teams or appointed auditors do internal audits internally, and not external audits, which are done by external parties.

The main purposes of an internal audit are detecting non-compliance, checking standards and regulations, as well as suggesting alterations to improve the effectiveness of an organization.

Importance of internal audits in quality management:

1. Identifying non-conformities:

An important advantage of carrying out the internal audits is that they afford you the chance to discover the non-conformities, which are the deviations from the quality standards and processes.

Organizations can quickly identify and remedy areas of non-compliance by performing audits within various departments and processes frequently. Through this preventative measure, we may nip problems in the bud and ensure the credibility and image of our company.

2. Ensuring compliance:

Being compliant with all the rules and regulations of your sector is mandatory for keeping quality as high as possible while being on top of legal aspects.

Quality management systems (QMS), industry-specific certifications (for example, ISO 9001), and regulatory frameworks can be assessed by means of an internal audit. Organizations can understand their commitment to quality excellence and the risk related to non- compliance by conducting audits to confirm compliance.

3. Driving continuous improvement:

A key pillar of quality management, the ongoing improvement strives to improve the efficiency of the processes, resources, and innovation. Through the examination of current processes and indicators that measure performance, internal audits can identify those areas that have room for improvement.

Organizations can not only have continuous improvement programs across the board but also look for corrective and preventive actions that can be based on the findings and recommendations from the audits.

4. Enhancing risk management:

Efficient quality management incorporates good risk management too, as this tool helps businesses anticipate, reduce and react to product quality and customer satisfaction threats.

The main task of an internal audit is to break the security of the organization by checking its risk controls and vulnerabilities. Businesses can shore up their resilience and minimize the chance of quality-related events or product failures by anticipating risk factors and addressing them promptly.

Implementing effective internal audit practices:

1. Establish clear objectives:

Define the scope, objectives, and criteria for internal quality audits based on the organizational quality targets, regulatory requirements, and stakeholder expectations. Determining the direction of audit actions and ensuring they complement the strategic objectives is facilitated by setting clear auditing objectives.

2. Plan and schedule audits:

Develop an all-encompassing audit plan specifying when, what, and how much internal auditing should be conducted. To ensure that all processes and areas in the business are audited thoroughly, schedule them in regular intervals.

3. Select competent auditors:

Outsource the internal audits to experts or certified auditors who have a good balance of experience, education, and independence so as to get impartial results. Provide training and resources for auditors to improve their skills and efficiency.

4. Conduct thorough audits:

Carry out internal audits in a systematic manner following the set audit standards and procedures. Review adherence to quality standards and locate areas for improvement by gathering necessary evidence, conducting interviews and studying the documentation.

5. Communicate findings and recommendations:

Include your audit’s results, notes, and recommendations in a simple to comprehend and implement form. For timely action and taking responsibility, it is essential to report the audit findings to the responsible persons including employees, process owners and management.

6. Implement corrective actions:

Develop partnership with relevant stakeholders to pinpoint areas of non-compliance and enhancement, and then apply corrective actions. Keep in mind how far along the road to quality you already are and how well the remedial measures work.

7. Review and continuously improve:

Periodically, conduct the internal audit results and techniques review to examine how successful they worked out and where they could be enhanced. To develop effective audit processes and achieve continuous improvement, the stakeholders must be consulted and the lessons learned must be applied.

Conclusion:

The ability to develop strong quality management systems and superb organizational excellence is definitely enhanced through internal audits. Internal audits help companies in reaching and sustaining high performance standards by conducting regular assessments of processes, detecting deviations, and contributing to the process of constant improvement.

Organizations can contribute a quality and innovation culture through internal audits if these audits are carried out effectively. This will minimize risks, enhance compliance, and maximize operational efficiency.

In a complex and rapidly changing business environment, organisations can increase their competitiveness, improve the confidence of the customers and power long-term success by focusing on internal audit. Whereas one should do a commerce course in Ahmedabad to gain all the knowledge about Internal Audits. It will open various job opportunities as well for them.

Commerce courses in Ahmedabad can boost student’s competitiveness, recruit students, and promote academic integrity and creativity by adopting internal audits. Internal audits enable continual development and quality assurance as educational institutions adjust to changing education dynamics, improving student learning and promoting commerce education excellence.

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Qualities Required To Be An Accountant

Introduction An accountant handles one of the most crucial roles in a business regardless…

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Introduction

An accountant handles one of the most crucial roles in a business regardless of it being for a large corporation or a small business. They are the financial backbone of a business and handle monetary records, money transactions, and timely taxes.

There are different types of accountants. Government accountants work for government agencies’ monetary records. Public accountants are either self-employed who work audits, documentation, and tax for clients or they account for firms. Management accountants are employed by a single company and they account for internal financial records of that company only.

Who Is An accountant?

An accountant is a professional who is in charge of the protection and transliteration of technical records and survey of financial statement analysis. They work for firms or big and small companies.

An accountant’s day-to-task mostly depends on their educational background and the designation they hold. Have you ever wondered if there was an accounting centre near me? How wonderful would it be to start your journey towards your dream job!

Most people start their journey by getting themselves into a school followed by a Bachelor’s degree in the same BCom course.

But some firms may demand additional educational certifications after BCom. Some of the common accounting designations are  Certified Internal Auditor (CIA), Certified Management Accountant (CMA), and Certified Public Accountant (CPA). So, for accounting training and placement, one should look for good cl.

What Does An Accountant Do?

Accountant paints a picture of a company’s stand in the global market by using numbers and financial statements. Some of the accountants’ everyday tasks include the following :

  1. Preparation of profit and loss statements and monthly cost accounting reports.
  2. Maintaining and processing monthly payments and stipends.
  3. Completing audits and interacting with auditors.
  4. Analyzing and accounting.
  5. Evaluating and accounting budgets, outlay, payments, and bills.
  6. Settling account discrepancies.
  7. Maintaining computer software and manual filling systems.

Who Hires An Accountant?

Various businesses hire accountants to balance their taxes and audit the financial records. Organizations having complex financial systems and loaded transactions require accountants.

Some examples of such organizations are:

  1. Universities And Schools
    Schools and colleges have complex monetary systems and require professional accountants to manage their profits and expenditures. The accountants hired are supposed to make sure that the capital and funds are sufficient to meet the needs of the institution’s various departments and covers the college tuition expenses.
  2. Hospitals
    Hospitals and healthcare providers work with insurance agencies to help people with medical needs. The job will require working directly with insurance companies and make sure the organization doesn’t exceed its expenses.
  3. Agencies of Government
    This sector needs high-precision accounting and ensuring that the revenue and expenditure get properly recorded. Since the government agencies are so large, the job vacancies are a lot as well. The candidate will be responsible for recordings of various programs and initiatives under the compass of these agencies.
  4. Entertainment and hospitality companies
    These businesses perform thousands of transactions every day and experience a lot of revenue every day. They also need accountants to collect the receipts, records, and tax time rolls. They also involve in managing employee payrolls.

Strengths That An Accountant Should Have

  • Analytical Skills
    “Good accountants can pull the analysis together, great accountants look at the output and judge whether it is reasonable, so as not to waste everyone’s time on an analysis that makes no sense when you take a step back and look at it from a common-sense standpoint.”- Bob Prather

    Accounting is a meticulous task that demands attention and precision. 
  • Organization
    The work of an accountant includes client meetings, deadlines, and following proper guidelines. Each of these works demands a notable amount of documentation and keeping track of all the paperwork. 

    “The best way to stay on top of deadlines is by getting organized”- Logan Alec
  • Critical Thinking
    Critical thinking is an invaluable skill in the accounting profession.
    Accountants face a lot of fallacies, discrepancies, and imprecision in their daily work that needs to be detected and rectified. 
    These fallacies’ can have serious aftermath if not addressed in time. Hence, accountants need to think beforehand and think critically to face all potential risks and solve them in time.
  • Adaptability
    As we know that change is the only constant, it holds for the accounting profession as well.
    It constantly changes and evolves. Accountants should always be ready to readjust to technical advancements, workplace dynamics, and altering standards and protocols.
  • Interpersonal Communication
    Accountants serve as data translators. Accountants work for clients and many of them may not be aware of complex monetary concepts. Thus accountants are required to spell out their work and transform the complex concepts into average peoples’ understanding.
  • Time Management
    “Working on different projects and being able to manage deadlines is a trait that separates passable accountants from their top-shelf peers” – Kyle Bryant

    Multitasking and proper management of all the work are the top skills an accountant should have to provide satisfactory results for their clients in time.
  • IT And Industry Knowledge
    Accountants should understand how software accounting works and how it can be applied to make a change for progress.

Top Accounting Skills For Success

  • Innovation
    The evolving business world demands an evolving accounting system along its side. Companies often look for candidates assuring to create a change for the better.
  • Enthusiasm
    Enthusiasm is contagious and it brings positive energy to the team. It shows that the candidate is eager to learn his/her trade and believes what he/she is working towards.
  • Trade awareness 
    It is the knowledge of where the company stands in the global market, how it is affected by social, economic, and political issues and how to make progress and move ahead.
  • Integrity
    Building trust and reputation get the job done halfway. Credibility opens the door for new opportunities.
  • Communication
    Accounting systems are not understandable by the common people, this is where communication skills come in. An accountant should be well-versed with the task they are working on and the way they have to translate it for the common people to understand. They have to fill the gap between numbers and stories.
  • Understanding
    Comprehending new statistics and data is crucial.
  • Initiative
    Initiative proves that the candidate is an independent thinker and can work on his own. This welcomes more trust and better opportunities.

Conclusion

Accounting job includes transaction and producing of monetary reports. 

Candidates have to develop problem-solving skills, decision-making, and critical thinking. So if you are someone who is considering venturing into the accounting field, be sure to develop these characters to be the perfect match for what’s expected to come your way in this field.

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Accounting For Reserves And Surplus

Just the way we categorize our expenditures at the end of every month, various…

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Just the way we categorize our expenditures at the end of every month, various business organisations include Reserves and Surplus in their balance sheet keeping their future needs as an organisation in the picture. In simple words, they are the savings of big corporates which can be used as assets during a crisis.

What Do Reserves And Surplus Mean?
Reserves
A financial accounting Reserve is a part of the shareholder’s equity except for basic share capital. A Reserve is profits that have been appropriated for a particular purpose. In accounting terminology, reserve implies the amount set aside for future activities which include buying assets, paying for bonuses or even legal settlements.

Surplus
Surplus describes the amount of an asset or resource that exceeds the portion that is actively utilised. In the budgetary context, a Surplus occurs when income earned exceeds expenses paid.
Reserves and Surplus, as the name suggests, are the accumulated profits that a company has earned and retained over time. Retained profits are the profits that are left after repaying the shareholders. General Reserves are created out of profits and kept aside for the financial strengthening of the company in bad years.

Difference Between Reserves And Surplus
Reserves are the primary amounts that are earmarked by the organisation for specific purposes. Whereas Surplus is where all the profits of the company reside.

Types Of Reserves And Surplus
Depending on their purpose there are various types of Reserves used in a balance sheet.

Capital Reserve
A Capital Reserve is the type of Reserve that is created from capital profits. Capital Reserve is maintained to prepare the company for sudden hazards like inflation, business expansion and funds for new ventures.

  • Cash received by selling current assets
  • Excess on revaluation of liabilities and assets

are a few examples of Capital Reserves.

Capital Redemption Reserve (CRR) 
Capital Redemption Reserve is created when the preference shares or the capital is redeemed. It is a statutory Reserve. When a company wishes to redeem shares a Capital Redemption Reserve account is created to benefit both the creditors and employees.

A Capital Redemption Reserve comes in handy for the company on a rainy day. Several litigations are attached to this reserve such that the company can open this reserve only under certain circumstances.

Security Premium Reserve
It is the additional amount charged on the face value of any share when the shares are issued, redeemed and forfeited. Security premium account is a part of the Shareholders Fund, it refers to the difference between market value and the face value of a share.

Debenture Redemption Reserve
A Debenture is a debt security that lets the investors borrow money at a fixed rate. A Debenture Redemption Reserve must be created to protect investors from the possibility of a company defaulting.

Debentures are not backed by any kind of asset, lien or collateral. Free Reserves are those Reserves upon which the company can freely draw, Debenture Redemption Fund is one such Reserve.

Revaluation Reserve
Organisations have the freedom to construct line items for assets on the balance sheet when they believe it is a necessity for correct accounting to be presented. Revaluation Reserves are not inherently normal, but they can be used when a business assumes that the value of their assets will fluctuate after a certain time frame.

Other Reserves: Specifying Nature And Purpose

Surplus
Surplus i.e balance in statement of profit and loss disclosing allocations and appropriation such as dividend, bonus, shares and transfer to/from Reserve etc.

Accounting is a part of our daily chores, let it be a multi-crore business or the expenses of a middle-class family accounts play a vital role, here is a link to a certified accounting course in Ahmedabad that will make you a pro at finance and accounting.

Why Are Reserves And Surplus Called Liabilities?
Aren’t Reserves supposed to be good? They are money set aside for future endeavours and hazards, How is being financially safe considered a liability? Isn’t having surplus money a boon?

Well here are the answers to all your queries,

Reserves are considered on the liabilities side of a balance sheet because they are sums of money that have been set aside to be paid out on a future date. To be more precise Reserves are considered a liability keeping the peasant scenarios in mind. Reserve is considered a liability keeping all the future requirements in mind.

Reserves also represent the obligations that the form has, which makes Reserves a liability item. Reserves can be future or potential obligations to various stakeholders or future use of funds to benefit various stakeholders.

For a better understanding, we can compare Reserves to a bank, though the bank is always expected to have money, yet it is considered a liability keeping in mind that money is not for the bank but to meet up with the financial needs of their account holders.

What Is Meant By A Negative Reserve?
Negative Reserves are considered as assets, for example, the money which is due to the policyholders i.e debtors. But these are assets which may be realised or forgetting that the policyholders may withdraw, leading to a policy lapse.

To conclude, accounting at the end of the day is an asset to our lives, it is a massive ocean of its own, here is the address of an Accounting institute in Ahmedabad, they offer various  Accounting Training in Ahmedabad that will turn you from a liability to an asset.

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Fixed Asset Accounting

Accounting involves keeping and maintaining the record of a corporation’s financial transactions in a…

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Accounting involves keeping and maintaining the record of a corporation’s financial transactions in a given year. The annals are further used for analysis by the stakeholders, agencies, and tax collection bodies making accountants a crucial wedge in the company’s innards.

Of the concepts an accountant should be well-versed with, the ones of assets and liabilities are the most basal yet indispensable. Here we introduce you to the fundamentals of fixed assets and their accounting.

What Are Fixed Assets?

Fixed assets are the non-liquid physical possessions an organization holds to generate income over the long haul. They are also referred to as capital assets or property, plant, and equipment (PP&Es). 

Fixed assets are not to be done away with in the same accounting year. The list comprehensively includes land, vehicles, office spaces, computers and software licensing, buildings, etc.

The principal criterion for anything to identify as a fixed asset is that it should be held by the company for more than one accounting year. Also, they are tangible and intangible. Long-term bonds and securities don’t make it to the list.

An esoteric aspect of fixed assets is that their book values usually exceed the capitalization limit as set by the organization. However, a company must be careful while setting a cap limit. A too higher or lower value can have far-reaching impacts on its balance sheet.

How? That requires us to delve deeper into the topic. Here is a verified Accounting Certificate Course in Ahmedabad you can take.

Initial Asset Inclusion

It is done at the time of purchase of an asset. 

Now, before adding to its capital stock, a corporation makes the requisite assessments. It compares the total cost incurred on the asset with the gross amount of cash flow it leads to. If the deal seems profitable, it is sealed. 

The initial recordation incorporates the cost of the assets, their transportation and installation amount, testing and preparation fees, taxes, and other such expenditures. Meanwhile, administrative charges, general overhead costs, and expenses not directly enhancing its utility are not recorded here.

When an asset is purchased at its market value, we note its fair value. On the other hand, the interest amount has to be mentioned while documenting for an asset bought on credit. 

The case of an asset being exchanged for another one calls for recording the fair value of the new body. While if it is not possible to assess its cost, the price of the one given up is considered.

Depreciation of Assets

Assets start losing their productivity or we say, they get used up with time. We need to make allowances for this downturn. In accounting, depreciation is apportioning the cost of an asset over its useful life.

Of all the techniques to account for the depreciation of assets, the written down value method is extensively used. As it shows the fair value of the asset at every end of the year. In this method, depreciation is more in the initial year compares to subsequent years. Another method of depreciation is the straight-line method. Here, the accountants are required to subtract the salvage value of the asset from its cost. The resulting difference is then divided by the number of years the company intends to hold the asset for. The figure they arrive at is the yearly monthly depreciation of the asset. In this method, the Depreciation of asset is uniform during the life of the asset.

Companies can choose their modus operandi. However, as per the caveats of the IAS (International Accounting Standards), they are allowed to change it only once. To know more about the IAS and their impact in the field, you can go for this Accounting Course in Ahmedabad as recommended by our experts.

Disposal Of Assets

After a certain point, when assets cease to be profitable, they are to be exscinded. It is usually done when their useful lives come to an end. Sometimes, an unforeseen circumstance (for instance, unexpected obsolescence) forces the company to discard an asset. 

It is however not necessary to throw a valuable possession away when it can be liquidated. The company can exchange the asset for newer ones. Also, they may sell it off. A price higher than the then book value of the asset marks a profit and a lower one points towards a loss.

Whatever the case may be, the loss of a company’s asset shows on its balance sheet. Fresh investments need to be undertaken.

Asset Impairment

Impairment of an asset is where its current carrying value exceeds the gross profits it is estimated to bring in. It is usually the result of unexpected predicaments. 

In simpler words, asset impairment has to do with the chance that fixed capital may not be as economically viable as it is computed to be. Impairment leads to a radical slump in a business’ profits. Asset impairment on the balance sheet is associated with a corresponding loss in the income statement. 

Intangible holdings such as copyrights and trademarks stand higher chances to get impaired. However, under circumstances like unexpected obsolescence, natural calamities, adverse market fluctuations, judgment failures or may be due to some unaccountable reason, fixed assets may undergo the same fate. 

Accountants are supposed to be on the lookout for such incidents. They must warn the stakeholders and the decision-makers of the company’s state of affairs.

Disclosure Of Assets

A corporation does not want every confidential detail to be presented on its annual financial statements. However, certain norms formulated by the national and international bodies need to be followed. An organization has to make the following disclosures about its fixed assets.

  • The carrying value of the assets at the beginning and the end of each accounting year
  • The useful life of the assets
  • Rate of depreciation and the method used to calculate it
  • The effects of acquisitions, disposals, and net foreign exchange on the value of the assets
  • Impacts of revaluation 

To learn about other disclosures, go to the link for this certified Accounting Training in Ahmedabad and stake in your growing accounting expertise.

The Strict Don’ts

While accounting for fixed assets, you need to eliminate the three commonly made mistakes. 

  • Not considering expense costs transportation charges, taxes, and installation amount while recording the purchase of a new asset
  • Disregarding the alteration in the assets’ use while maintaining them
  • Ignoring record-keeping demands relating to insurance

 

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Accounting Coaching Classes for Upskilling and Training Employees

Today, most businesses will agree that employees are their biggest assets. Companies invest a…

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Today, most businesses will agree that employees are their biggest assets. Companies invest a lot in terms of hiring the right candidates and then retaining them too. At the same time, employees are also very passionate about their careers. They don’t shy to move on if there is stagnancy in terms of career growth or learning new skills of accounting training. Therefore, to align the interests of both, it is essential for businesses to make significant efforts towards constant development of the employees.

What Do You Coach About?
Businesses usually provide training to impart skills that are essential / required to perform existing jobs. Obviously, this is given; considering you would like to ensure that the employee can perform in the best possible manner in his/her current role.

However, organizations today also invest in ‘Upskilling’. Upskilling refers to the process of teaching new skills to existing employees through academies like Super 20 Training Institute. Such upskilling could also be essential, or in other cases, desirable for employees; which are discussed below.

Is Upskilling Required In Accounting?
Absolutely! In this constantly evolving business environment, accounting concepts and methods are being updated too. Entire accounting framework is being rejigged and new accounting standards are becoming applicable to the business. Fo example, accounting software (like Tally) is being updated to incorporate changes in laws like GST and so on. In such a scenario, providing training to employees is definitely the need of the hour! Training academies offers excellent accounting coaching classes in Ahmedabad, suitable to different coaching needs.

Whom To Upskill In Accounting?
Upskilling could be classified into two categories. One, teaching those skills which are essential to the changing work environment. For instance, training the existing accounting personnel about the new accounting standards applicable to the organization would be absolutely essential.

Second category could be teaching those skills that may not appear exactly essential to the existing role at hand, but could go a long way in improving efficiencies. For example, familiarizing tax team about the new accounting concepts, accounting software offering Tally courses, would help them in gaining a better understanding. And this will eventually reduce their dependence on accounting team. Sometimes, it could be essential too, say when the tax team needs to understand the applicability of ICDS and how they diverge from accounting standards that the organization follows. In either case, it improves employee morale as he feels he is learning something new and challenging.

A lot of corporates have in-house L&D (Learning & Development) team. Others may tie up with a dedicated accounting academy for this purpose. In either case, the importance of upskilling employees cannot be emphasized enough.

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The Accounting Skills You Need To Succeed

Every second person is now aspiring to be an accountant due to the unending…

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accounting skills you need to succeed

Every second person is now aspiring to be an accountant due to the unending demands for the same. But they can be categorized between mediocre, good and excellent. This transition will pave your way towards your goal to excel at accounting. This transition is utmost mandatory to grade up your job position or to attract more clients. If you are still wondering what skills you can work upon to get there, don’t worry. 

We shall discuss in this article the accounting skills which you must polish:

  • Knowledge

An accountant should possess thorough knowledge of how a particular transaction should be dealt with. If the company that he deals in wants to issue a Initial Public Offer and be listed with the National or Bombay Stock Exchange, the accountant should have in depth knowledge of how to proceed with that, what documents, bank requirements, the capital/sales requirements, etc. How is it going to affect the Balance sheet, Profit and loss and cash flows of the company? 

An accountant should be aware of the Indian Accounting Principles and Standards set by the Accounting Standard Boards and should also be able to apply them in the practical situation.

  • Analyze

An accountant should possess great analytical skills. He should be able to calculate the position of the company by having a glance at its Balance sheet, Cash flows and Profit and loss statements. This power of analyzing the opposite party can help the company to take their decision whether or not to deal with them. Like if their Debt to Equity ratio is more than 1, it implies the company has taken more debts than its capacity and hence riskier to work with it.

  • Audit

Brief knowledge on audit can save the company from complications later. A visionary accountant should foresee any difficulties approaching from the perspective of an auditor so that minimum issues are raised by the auditors after the balance sheet is finalized. Any extra ordinary case shall be looked into deeply as the auditor will not spare that. And its treatment should be convincing enough for the auditor.

  • Working on dead lines

Accountants should be able to work on deadlines as most of the work is associated with time lines. 

  • Vision

An accountant should be able to think strategically about a particular transaction and its affects if treated one way or the other in the long term. It most often affects the profitability of the company.

  • Adaptability

A lot of companies have gone global and multi-national. With that, accounting and taxation laws of the other countries are also taken into consideration. An accountant who is easily able to adapt to international laws and its treatment in India can go far in their career. Also, the local clients throw challenge with various fields they work in. Like Textiles, Pharmacy, Food, Construction, Jewelry, etc. The accountant should not be afraid but open to accepting challenges to work in different fields.

  • Good communication

Without good communication, one can literally land nowhere. Accountants should acquire the skill of being able to communicate verbally and non-verbally to attract, convince, interact with their clients or bosses. No one can work in isolation. Therefore, with great set of communication skills one can co-ordinate and be more organized in their field.

  • Organized

Since the accountant has lots to do and within set time limits, he will mess things up if his mind is not organized. He should be well aware of the dates and deadlines and should be able to prioritize work according to its urgency. 

  • Honesty and Integrity

An accountant is looked up to for his integrity. Even the Government hires accountants for special reports in case of fraud because they trust the accountants as their profession expects them to be honest and transparent.

  • Convincing power 

At times, deciding on how to treat a transaction may inflict a conflict within the organization or between two parties. An accountant possessing knowledge but no convincing power will be of a waste. Developing this skill will be an icing on the cake.

  • Accounting software

Along with Tally, a lot of new accounting software are launched for business automation and to reduce the clerical work of an accountant. Any small or large enterprise works on one or other accounting software like Zoho Books, Quickbooks, SAP, Saral, MProfit, etc. So, at least basic knowledge of the most used accounting software in the market should be gained to have an upper hand at any interview.

Your love for accountancy will enhance as and when you develop the above skills and for your career. Keep upgrading your knowledge as the past glory will just keep you where you are. You can join accounting coaching classes in Ahmedabad and attain the heights in the accounting profession.

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Accounting Reserves: Concept

Several times we have heard the word reserve in accounting but the exact meaning…

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Several times we have heard the word reserve in accounting but the exact meaning is at times not explained in various accounting classes and also most of the classes are not covering in the accounting courses. And even if it is explained in various accounting classes by learned faculties, students fail to understand the basics. They know it’s accounting effect. Do they really know what is it? Or why it is created for?

Let us understand the concept of reserves and their types:

Profit earned by any business is payable to its proprietor. But the proprietor does not withdraw the whole amount of profit. He leaves some amount of profit to maintain the liquidity and strengthen the financial position of the business. This amount is known as the reserve. Reserve is profits, appropriated for a particular purpose.

There is a long list of reserves created for in the books of accounts as explained in various accounting classes. And truly, it is so. However, primarily we can classify reserves in two categories:

  • Revenue reserve
  • Capital reserve

Revenue reserves can be further classified into:

  1. General reserve: Profit determined by the profit and loss statement at the end of the year, the proportion of such profit is not aid to the proprietor, but kept apart is known as revenue reserve. General reserve is created to maintain the liquidity of the business resources, meeting any known contingencies, liabilities, etc.
  2. Specific reserve: If the provision is created for any specific period it is known as a specific reserve. This reserve cannot be utilized for any other purposes. For example- Reserve for Repairs and Maintenance, Reserve for Outstanding Expenses.

On the other hand, Capital Reserve refers to the profit that arises from the sources other than the normal trading activities. Such profit is known as capital profit. A capital reserve is an account on the balance sheet which can be used for contingencies or to offset capital losses. It is built out of capital profit and not out of business profit.

Hence, we can infer that reserve is a great source for financing any long-term project of any company, and if a company which isn’t keen to go for debt, term loan etc. can use this reserve to fully finance their new projects. There are many sub-classifications we focus during our accounting classes on reserves. For more such details you can attend our free demo classes.

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Double Entry System

Double entry system of book keeping is the most popular scientific system of accounting.…

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double-entry-system | Best Accounting Classes in Ahmedabad

Double entry system of book keeping is the most popular scientific system of accounting. According to it, every transaction has two-fold aspects – debit & credit and both aspects are to be recorded in the books of accounts. This system has been found of great use for recording the financial affairs for all institutions.

How Double book-keeping is helpful?
– By the use of this system the accuracy of the accounting work can be established, through the device of trial balance,
– Profit earned of loss suffered during the period can be ascertained together with details &
– The position of a firm can be ascertained.

For the conceptual clarity, one must know the basic of accounting and the reason why they are used in the way we do. Because at S20, we want things to remain simple people joining our accounting classes, tally classes or GST classes will definitely appreciate this. So, let’s understand the concept of double entry system with an example –

A person starts his business with Rs. 10,000; capital and cash are both 10,000. Transactions entered into by the firm will alter the cash balance in two ways, one will increase the cash balance and other will reduce it. Payment for goods purchased, for salaries and rent etc., will reduce it; sales of goods for cash and collection from customers will increase it.

We can change the cash balance with each transaction but this will not be easy to tally at the end of the financial year. Instead it would be better if all the transaction that lead to an increase are recorded in one column and those that reduce the cash balance in another column; then their net result can be ascertained, if we add all increases to the opening balance of cash and then deduct the total if all decreased we shall know the closing balance. In this manner, significant information will be available relating to cash.

The two columns which are referred above are put usually in the firm of an account, called the ‘T’ form.

This is illustrated below by taking imaginary figures:

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What we have done is to put the increase of cash on the left-hand side and the increase on the right side; the closing balance has been ascertained by deducting the total of payment, Rs. 2,000 from the total of the left – hand side. Such a treatment of receipt and payment of cash is very convenient.

The proper form of an account is as follows:

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The columns are self-explanatory except that the column for reference (Ref.) is meant to indicate the source where information about the entry is available.

The aforementioned outflow and inflow of cash have their specific nature in wider terms which is explained in the next article Rule of debit and credit. Your feedback on this article may be shared at info@s20.in. we are known as premier accounting institute in Ahmedabad. Our flagship Executive of Commerce Course is known for its detailed coverage of accounting topics.

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Latest Technology Trends in Accounting

Accountant in earlier days meant a Mehtaji / Munimji sitting with a red bulky…

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Accountant in earlier days meant a Mehtaji / Munimji sitting with a red bulky book on his desk, wearing spectacles and giving a frowning look at bills. And then we saw revolution of computer that has changed the way we do accounting. Then came accounting softwares and then ERPs like SAP, Oracle etc. Accountants tried to follow these trends by undergoing various accounting training. We saw many tally training institutes. Any new trend is followed by various courses.

Technology is ever evolving and accounting field is no exception. I still remember how demand was exploded for tally courses in Ahmedabad. And how people used to line up to do accounting courses in Ahmedabad. I still remember that first preference for courses after B.Com. would be accounting or business accounting and taxation courses.

Now what are latest technology trends in accounting in Indian cities like Mumbai / Ahmedabad?

1. Evolution of cloud based softwares
All software vendors are on this now. India’s highest selling software Tally or world’s highest selling software Quick-books all are seeing increasing adoption of their cloud versions. So no doubt we are seeing a secure, accessible and cost effective way of doing accounting. So bye bye desktop based versions. All hail for cloud based softwares.

2. Evolution of customized softwares and applications
People today also buy ready-made softwares like Tally for accounting. And then they get their staff take tally courses and training or prefer to hire staff from tally training institutes. However, many organisations have focused on providing their staff with adequate accounting training by providing them various accounting courses and training. And later on tried to have a customised accounting softwares for their organisations. This has really helped them. We think that it is very cumbersome and costly process. It is like inventing a wheel. I think there is no need for having customised accounting software when you have all kinds of softwares available.

3. Quickbooks is fast evolving in India
Quickbooks – a global leader with their low price strategy is registering healthy growth and traction in India. Small organizations are fast adopting Quick-books. I have now some students asking for Quick-books course in Ahmedabad instead of Tally Course in Ahmedabad.

4. Tally seems to have a tough time in India
Yes. It is right. The leader in Indian Accounting market seems to have tough time. It is apparent. They are being challenged by local players like Busy, Marg etc. On the other side they have regional players to compete with like Miracle, Kuber etc. Newer players like Zoho have also become very aggressive. SAP and Oracle have also small business suites. And global leaders like Quickbooks are becoming increasingly aggressive.

5. Accounting Training Institutes are growing
Yes. There are lots of accounting jobs, accountant vacancies and it seems our B.Com. syllabi are outdated. They are totally out of sync with industry. And we see lot of demand for accounting training institutes in Ahmedabad and other cities of India. People line up and ask for various tally courses, accounting courses, GST courses etc.

6. Usage of ERP is increasing and expanding
Due to SAP and Oracle lowering their price tag and increasing their customizability many small and medium enterprises are now willing to adopt these packages. Also there are many small and home grown ERP players offering ERP packages at a fraction of the cost of SAP and Oracle. They are also reasonably good. So your inventory, finances, CRM and operations all are integrated.

7. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Though right now in my limited knowledge, I have not known artificial intelligence or machine learning being used by any organisation in accounting field. Recent activities of the likes of Netsuite are worth following. It is clear that in future AI would be part of any decision making process. So I am sure decision making activities in Accounting, various reporting systems and analytical processes in Accounting to increasingly use artificial intelligence and machine learning.

So, you may have questions, what kind of courses people need to after B.Com.? Welcome to Super 20 Training Institute. Our Executive of Commerce (Accounting, GST & Tally) Course is one of its kind in India. No match for it. I take a challenge. All the best.